Exploring Effective Factors for Improving Visual In-Context Learning

The In-Context Learning (ICL) is to understand a new task via a few demonstrations (aka. prompt) and predict new inputs without tuning the models. While it has been widely studied in NLP, it is still a relatively new area of research in computer vision. To reveal the factors influencing the performance of visual in-context learning, this paper shows that prompt selection and prompt fusion are two major factors that have a direct impact on the inference performance of visual context learning. Prompt selection is the process of identifying the most appropriate prompt or example to help the model understand new tasks. This is important because providing the model with relevant prompts can help it learn more effectively and efficiently. Prompt fusion involves combining knowledge from different positions within the large-scale visual model. By doing this, the model can leverage the diverse knowledge stored in different parts of the model to improve its performance on new tasks. Based these findings, we propose a simple framework prompt-SelF for visual in-context learning. Specifically, we first use the pixel-level retrieval method to select a suitable prompt, and then use different prompt fusion methods to activate all the knowledge stored in the large-scale model, and finally ensemble the prediction results obtained from different prompt fusion methods to obtain the final prediction results. And we conduct extensive experiments on single-object segmentation and detection tasks to demonstrate the effectiveness of prompt-SelF. Remarkably, the prompt-SelF has outperformed OSLSM based meta-learning in 1-shot segmentation for the first time. This indicated the great potential of visual in-context learning. The source code and models will be available at \url{https://github.com/syp2ysy/prompt-SelF}

Chitosan-salvianolic acid B coating on the surface of nickel-titanium alloy inhibits proliferation of smooth muscle cells and promote endothelialization

Introduction: Intracranial stents are of paramount importance in managing cerebrovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the currently employed drug-eluting stents, although effective in decreasing in-stent restenosis, might impede the re-endothelialization process within blood vessels, potentially leading to prolonged thrombosis development and restenosis over time.Methods: This study aims to construct a multifunctional bioactive coating to enhance the biocompatibility of the stents. Salvianolic acid B (SALB), a bioactive compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits potential for improving cardiovascular health. We utilized dopamine as the base and adhered chitosan-coated SALB microspheres onto nickel-titanium alloy flat plates, resulting in a multifunctional drug coating.Results: By encapsulating SALB within chitosan, the release period of SALB was effectively prolonged, as evidenced by the in vitro drug release curve showing sustained release over 28 days. The interaction between the drug coating and blood was examined through experiments on water contact angle, clotting time, and protein adsorption. Cellular experiments showed that the drug coating stimulates the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.Discussion: These findings indicate its potential to promote re-endothelialization. In addition, the bioactive coating effectively suppressed smooth muscle cells proliferation, adhesion, and migration, potentially reducing the occurrence of neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis. These findings emphasize the exceptional biocompatibility of the newly developed bioactive coating and demonstrate its potential clinical application as an innovative strategy to improve stent therapy efficacy. Thus, this coating holds great promise for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease

Lateral Buckling Theory and Experimental Study on Pipe-in-Pipe Structure

With the increasing depth of marine oil and gas exploitation, more requirements have been proposed on the structure of deep-sea oil pipelines. The influencing factors of lateral buckling of a pipe-in-pipe (PIP) structure containing initial imperfections and its critical force were investigated in this study by conducting an experiment, a finite element analysis, and a theoretical derivation. The change laws on the influence of initial imperfections of the PIP structure during thermal loading were revealed through an experimental study by using imperfection amplitude and wavelength as parameters. Appropriate finite element models were established, and the influences of initial imperfections, pipe-soil interaction, and the height and the number of centralizers on the global buckling critical force of the PIP structure were analyzed. The formulas of global buckling critical force of inner and outer pipes and that under pipe-soil interaction was obtained by using a theoretical derivation method. A comparative verification with experimental and finite element (FE) models result was conducted, which provided a corresponding basis for steel pipeline design

Learning-Based Multimedia Analyses and Applications

The methodologies on multimedia analysis usually combine different sources/modalities of information such as text, audio, and images to solve various practical tasks related to advertisement, education, art, and so on. In recent years, machine learning has gained much popularity and has been intensively applied to deal with different kinds of multimedia problems. However, massive problems still remain unsolved on both algorithm design and multimedia applications.Published versio

A roadway in close distance to coal seam in deep mine: location selection and supporting practice based on creep characteristics of surrounding rocks

In deep mines, since the broken surrounding rocks & high-stress level of a roadway being near a coal seam, the creep characteristics of surrounding rocks should be considered as the main influencing factor in the selection for the roadway’s location of the lower coal seam. Both VI15 and VI16-17 coal seams of the Pingdingshan No. 4 Coal Mine, in China, Henan province, are close coal seams with a depth of around 900 m. According to the traditional formula calculation results, when the lower coal seam roadway is staggered 10 m to the upper coal seam goaf, the roadway pressure behaviour is significant, and the support becomes difficult. In this paper, the properties of surrounding rock were tested and the influence of lower coal seam on the stress state of surrounding rock is analysed by numerical simulation, and systematic analysis on the stress and creep characteristics of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and its effects on the deformation is performed. The results demonstrated that the roadway’s locations in the lower coal seam can be initially divided into three zones: the zone with accelerated creep, the transition creep zone and the insignificant creep zone. The authors believed that the roadway layout in an insignificant creep zone can achieve a better supporting effect. Based on the geological conditions of the roadway 23070 of the VI16-17 coal seam of the Pingdingshan No. 4 Coal Mine, combined with the above analysis, a reasonable location of roadway (internal offset of 30 m) was determined using numerical simulation method. The reliability of the research results is verified by field measurement. The above results can provide a reference for selecting the roadway’s location under similar conditions

The South China Block-Indochina collision: where, when, and how?

International audienceThis study uses new field observations and existing studies to shed new light on the origin and significance of two NW-SE striking orogens in NW and NE Vietnam. We conclude that the architecture of each belt is a stack of NE-directed nappes formed either under deep ductile synmetamorphic conditions, or under shallow depth in the SW and NE parts, respectively. The Song Ma zone and Song Chay ophiolitic melange represent two ophiolitic sutures. However, the Late Permian Song Da and Babu mafic rocks are not ophiolites but intraplate basalts related to the Emeishan plume. A Late Triassic unconformity, the 225-205 Ma postorogenic plutonism, and the 250-230 Ma syntectonic metamorphism support an Early to Middle Triassic age for these tectonic events. Both NW and NE belts are due to SW-directed subduction with arc magmatism, ocean closure, and continental collision. Though two contemporary S-dipping subduction zones might explain the structural evolution of the two belts, a single convergent system, offset by the Tertiary Red River fault, is preferred as this S-directed subduction better accounts for the Late Permian intraplate magmatism. This scenario is discussed in the general geodynamic framework of SE Asia

Geochronological constraint of Early Mesozoic tectonic event at Northeast Vietnam

International audienceThe northeastern Vietnam, northeastern Guangxi, southwestern Guangdong and Hainan Island with NW-SE trending all locate in south margin of South China Block ( SCB). It is an important region to understanding the tectonic evolution of South China Block. Song Chay belt locates in the northeast region of Vietnam, a NE-SW mineral and stretching lineation, and top-to-the-NE ductile deformation are the main structures and observed both in Early Paleozoic lower metamorphism face strata and Late Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic unmetamorphozed sedimentary rocks. These structural characteristics were coeval with N/NE verging recumbent folds and nappes. Alike for the Song Chay belt, the same Early Mesozoic structural characteristics are also observed in Yunkai terrane, Hainan island and northeast region of Guangxi. All of these deformations occurred in the same tectonic event because of the time and the deformation style are almost the same. To decipher the time of this deformation, we study the structural character of deformed strata and granitic rocks, and analyzed the high quality U-Pb zircon geochronology data, then defined the time of nappes as 237 similar to 228Ma. The geodynamic of the tectonic event can be related to the collision between South China Block and Indochina in the Early Mesozoic time. We argue that South China Block subducted beneath to Day Nui Con Voi micro-continental block along Song Chay suture zone in Early Triassic, the south margin of SCB as the subduction plate were developed top to NE thrust and NE verging nappes. This orogeny is over at Late Triassic. Therefore, the northeastern Vietnam, northeastern Guangxi, southwestern Guangdong and Hainan island are belong to the southern margin of SCB and involved in the Indosinian orogenic belt

Geochronology and isotope analysis of the Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic granitoids from Northeastern Vietnam and implications for the evolution of the South China block

International audienceIn northeastern Vietnam, Late Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic granitic plutons are widespread, but their tectonic significance is controversial. In order to understand the regional magmatism and crustal evolution processes of the South China block (SCB), this study reports integrated in situ U-Pb, Hf-O and Sr-Nd isotope analyses of granitic rocks from five plutons in northeastern Vietnam. Zircon SIMS U-Pb ages of six granitic samples cluster around in two groups 255 Ma - 228 Ma and 90 Ma. Bulk-rock εNd(t) ranges from -11 to -9.7, suggesting that continental crust materials were involved in their granitic genesis. In situ zircon Hf-O isotopic measurements for the granitic samples yield a mixing trend between the mantle- and supracrustal-derived melts. It is suggested that the granitic rocks were formed by re-melting of the continental crust. These new data are compared with the Paleozoic and Mesozoic granitic rocks of South China. We argue that northeastern Vietnam belongs to the South China block. Though still speculated, an ophiolitic suture between NE Vietnam and South China, so-called Babu ophiolite, appears unlikely. The Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic magmatism in the research area provides new insights for the magmatic evolution of the South China block